Science is a systematic approach that constructs and regulates knowledge in the form of predictions and testable predictions about the natural world. Knowledge is abstract and does not possess a physical nature; instead it is a mental state that can be observed or discovered. It is empirical in nature, i.e. it is based on observations and experiences which can be tested. Knowledge about the physical world is called science, while theoretical knowledge is known as humanities science.
The major methods used for testing the validity of scientific theories are experiment and observation. Scientific methodologies aim to discover patterns, laws of nature and the ability of an organism to reproduce itself. They also try to explain the natural world using different methods. Theory can be studied using natural languages such as algebra, geometry, calculus, etc., but they are not directly accessible to the natural world. Examples of theories in the sciences are: observations of the behavior of living things, general laws of physics and physical phenomena, or discoveries made by modern scientists using various techniques.
An hypothesis is a conclusion that has been drawn from observations of the real or specific situation. For example, if P is the only true law of the universe then an hypothesis to test this is P. A hypothesis can be tested by making further observations that contradict P. If these further observations do not support P then an hypothesis can be replaced by a better theory. Hasty conclusions are common in science because observations have to be repeatable and significant.
When a scientist makes a hypothesis, he/she tries to fit the data of that theory to his/her models of the natural world. After making a careful examination, they can conclude whether their hypothesis is true or not. After making their hypothesis, they then look into the effect their model will have on the future of the theory. They have to make sure that their model fits well to the current scientific knowledge. There are also cases wherein the results are very difficult to verify.
The basic understanding of how science works is the observation of patterns. When two events occur one after the other, the scientist cannot help but notice a trend between the events. This is an observational method which is used to study the relationship between two events. Another way to study the relationship is through statistical methods. By looking into the results of a certain sample, scientists can deduce the general nature of the sample. Observation is considered to be a fundamental part of science.
Science as a whole is a very broad subject. There are various branches of sciences, each with their own characteristics that separate them from the rest of the subject. Scientists, therefore, always ask questions about the natural world and try to answer questions. Science is one of the most important concepts to mankind and it is continuously growing.