Differences Between the Two Types of Science
Science is an organized venture that unites theoretical knowledge in the form of predictions and testable predictions about the natural world. The discipline has acquired a very important place in society as a result of the technological progress made in recent times. People do not accept uncertainty and neither do they like science to make unfounded pronouncements. In fact, people are more interested in knowing the facts rather than their opinions about such matters.
The study of science is diverse, and there is hardly any subject that is covered by all the sciences. For instance, the natural sciences include such fields as zoology, botany, forestry, ecology, immunology, physiology, genetics, and medical science. Each of these areas of science has its own specific scope and field of specialization. It also has a wide range of sub-specializations. Some of the major branches of natural sciences are physical sciences like physics, chemistry, astronomy, and biology, social sciences like anthropology, sociology, psychology, and nutrition, engineering science like construction science, energy science, and healthcare science.
On the other hand, the scientific methods are used to test a hypothesis, or to make general statements about a specific sample or case. For example, clinical studies are carried out to determine what treatments are effective in reducing the incidence of certain diseases. This type of research is conducted on humans, unlike laboratory experiments that are done on animals or tiny cells. If it is determined that the human intervention reduces the disease incidence then it is called an observational study, whereas if it is found that the intervention increases the disease incidence then it is called an experimental study. Scientists use a variety of methods to carry out scientific research about different topics.
One example of a scientific method used in sciences is the experiment. In this method, the scientists make observations about a real event or situation and then collect data to support their hypothesis. Data is considered genuine if it comes from at least two different angles, and if it is consistent with the theory that was developed by the scientists. For example, if they observe that a certain kind of disease tends to occur in young girls who are in their teenage, they may conclude that this is caused by hormonal imbalances, because the symptoms are very similar to the symptoms experienced by adolescent girls.
Another method used in science is the method of statistics. This is also known as sampling. There are many different kinds of samples that are used in science, and they all have different strengths and weaknesses. For example, scientists can use a random sampling, a hierarchical sample, or a time series sample. Usually, a sample taken from nature is considered the most reliable, but there are also some drawbacks.
When it comes to the social sciences, a different set of rules applies. Scientists in these fields are trying to explain behavior that does not have any scientific explanation. It could be that people are exhibiting strange behaviors that defy explanation by scientific methods. Therefore, social scientists must use more descriptive words and phrases in their statements, and they must make sure that their statements do not contradict each other. Examples of this type of science are psychology, sociology, or anthropology.